@booklet {1418, year = {Submitted}, keywords = {af(st)y, air-pollution, aot40, critical flux versus exposure, exposure indexes, gas-exchange, lettuce, plants, protect vegetation, responses, spring wheat, standard, stomatal conductance, white clover}, author = {Goumenaki, E. and Fernandez, I. G. and Papanikolaou, A. and Papadopoulou, D. and Askianakis, C. and Kouvarakis, G. and Barnes, J.} } @article {2041, title = {Current and future ozone risks to global terrestrial biodiversity and ecosystem processes}, journal = {Ecology and Evolution}, volume = {6}, year = {2016}, month = {Jan-12-2016}, pages = {8785 - 8799}, abstract = {

Risks associated with exposure of individual plant species to ozone (O3) are well documented, but implications for terrestrial biodiversity and ecosystem processes have received insufficient attention. This is an important gap because feedbacks to the atmosphere may change as future O3 levels increase or decrease, depending on air quality and climate policies. Global simulation of O3 using the Community Earth System Model (CESM) revealed that in 2000, about 40\% of the Global 200 terrestrial ecoregions (ER) were exposed to O3 above thresholds for ecological risks, with highest exposures in North America and Southern Europe, where there is field evidence of adverse effects of O3, and in central Asia. Experimental studies show that O3 can adversely affect the growth and flowering of plants and alter species composition and richness, although some communities can be resilient. Additional effects include changes in water flux regulation, pollination efficiency, and plant pathogen development. Recent research is unraveling a range of effects belowground, including changes in soil invertebrates, plant litter quantity and quality, decomposition, and nutrient cycling and carbon pools. Changes are likely slow and may take decades to become detectable. CESM simulations for 2050 show that O3 exposure under emission scenario RCP8.5 increases in all major biomes and that policies represented in scenario RCP4.5 do not lead to a general reduction in O3 risks; rather, 50\% of ERs still show an increase in exposure. Although a conceptual model is lacking to extrapolate documented effects to ERs with limited or no local information, and there is uncertainty about interactions with nitrogen input and climate change, the analysis suggests that in many ERs, O3 risks will persist for biodiversity at different trophic levels, and for a range of ecosystem processes and feedbacks, which deserves more attention when assessing ecological implications of future atmospheric pollution and climate change.

Risks associated with exposure of individual plant species to ozone (O3) are well documented, but implications for terrestrial biodiversity and ecosystem processes have received insufficient attention. This is an important gap because feedbacks to the atmosphere may change as future O3\ levels increase or decrease, depending on air quality and climate policies. Global simulation of O3\ using the Community Earth System Model (CESM) revealed that in 2000, about 40\% of the Global 200 terrestrial ecoregions (ER) were exposed to O3\ above thresholds for ecological risks, with highest exposures in North America and Southern Europe, where there is field evidence of adverse effects of O3, and in central Asia. Experimental studies show that O3\ can adversely affect the growth and flowering of plants and alter species composition and richness, although some communities can be resilient. Additional effects include changes in water flux regulation, pollination efficiency, and plant pathogen development. Recent research is unraveling a range of effects belowground, including changes in soil invertebrates, plant litter quantity and quality, decomposition, and nutrient cycling and carbon pools. Changes are likely slow and may take decades to become detectable. CESM simulations for 2050 show that O3\ exposure under emission scenario RCP8.5 increases in all major biomes and that policies represented in scenario RCP4.5 do not lead to a general reduction in O3\ risks; rather, 50\% of ERs still show an increase in exposure. Although a conceptual model is lacking to extrapolate documented effects to ERs with limited or no local information, and there is uncertainty about interactions with nitrogen input and climate change, the analysis suggests that in many ERs, O3\ risks will persist for biodiversity at different trophic levels, and for a range of ecosystem processes and feedbacks, which deserves more attention when assessing ecological implications of future atmospheric pollution and climate change.
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J. and Leith, I. D. and Mizunuma, T. and Leeson, S. and Kivimaki, S. and Cape, J. N. and van Dijk, N. and Leaver, D. and Sutton, M. A. and Fowler, D. and Van den Berg, L. J. 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The role of phosphorus}, journal = {Environmental Pollution}, volume = {158}, year = {2010}, pages = {2043-2052}, author = {Braun, S. and Thomas, V.F.D. and Quiring, R. and Fl{\"u}ckiger, W.} } @article {1566, title = {First Europe-wide correlation analysis identifying factors best explaining the total nitrogen concentration in mosses.}, journal = {Atmospheric Environment}, volume = {44}, year = {2010}, pages = {3485-3491}, author = {Schroder, W. and Holy, M. and Pesch, R. and Harmens, H. and Fagerli, H. and Alber, R. and Coskun, M. and De Temmerman, L. and Frolova, M. and Gonzalez-Miqueo, L. and Jeran, Z. and Kubin, E. and Leblond, S. and Liiv, S. and Mankovska, B. and Piispanen, J. and Santamaria, J.M. and Simoneie, P. and Suchara, I. and Yurokova, L. and Thoni, L. and Zechmeister, H.G.} } @article {1696, title = {Global assessment of nitrogen deposition effects on terrestrial plant diversity: a synthesis}, journal = {Ecological Applications}, volume = {20}, year = {2010}, pages = {30-59}, keywords = {arctic polar semidesert, arctic-alpine ecosystems, atmospheric deposition, boreal ecosystems, critical loads, diversity, ecoregions, long-term, mediterranean ecosystems, n-deposition, nitrogen deposition, nutrient limitation, racomitrium-lanuginosum, simulated environmental-change, southern california, species richness, temperature ecosystems, terrestrial ecosystems, tropical ecosystems, western united-states}, author = {Bobbink, R. and Hicks, K. and Galloway, J. and Spranger, T. and Alkemade, R. and Ashmore, M. and Bustamante, M. and Cinderby, S. and Davidson, E. and Dentener, F. and Emmett, B. and Erisman, J. 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G. and Papanikolaou, A. and Papadopoulou, D. and Askianakis, C. and Kouvarakis, G. and Barnes, J.} } @article {1491, title = {Dissolved organic carbon trends resulting from changes in atmospheric deposition chemistry.}, journal = {Nature}, volume = {450}, year = {2007}, pages = {537-539}, author = {Monteith, D.T. and Stoddard, J.L. and Evans, C.D. and De Wit, H.A. and Forsius, M. and Hogasen, T. and Wilander, A. and Skjelkvale, B.L. and Jeffries, D.S. and Vuorenmaa, J. and Keller, B. and Kop{\'a}cek, J. and Vesely, J.} } @article {1356, title = {Interactive effects of nitrogen deposition, fire and grazing on diversity and composition of low-alpine prostrate Calluna vulgaris heathland}, journal = {Journal of Applied Ecology}, volume = {44}, year = {2007}, pages = {125-135}, author = {Britton, A.J. and Fisher, J.M.} } @article {1361, title = {NP stoichiometry of low-alpine heathland: usefulness for bio-monitoring and prediction of pollution impacts}, journal = {Biological Conservation}, volume = {138}, year = {2007}, pages = {100-108}, author = {Britton, A.J. and Fisher, J.M.} } @article {1467, title = {Predicting community sensitivity to ozone, using Elleberg indicator values.}, journal = {Environmental Pollution}, volume = {146}, year = {2007}, pages = {744-753}, author = {Jones, L. and Hayes, F. and Mills, G. and Sparks, T. and Fuhrer, F.} } @article {1431, title = {Shoot growth of mature Fagus sylvatica and Picea abies in relation to ozone.}, journal = {Environmental Pollution}, volume = {146}, year = {2007}, pages = {624-628}, author = {Braun, S. and Schindler, C. and Rihm, B. and Fl{\"u}ckiger, W.} } @article {1441, title = {A model of annual orographic precipitation and acid deposition and its application to Snowdonia.}, journal = {Atmospheric Environment}, volume = {40}, year = {2006}, pages = {3316-3326}, author = {Dore, A.J. and Mousavi-Baygi, M. and Smith, R.I. and Hall, J. and Fowler, D. and Choularton, T.W.} } @article {1489, title = {Biological responses to the chemical recovery of acidified fresh waters in the UK.}, journal = {Environmental Pollution}, volume = {137}, year = {2005}, pages = {83-101}, author = {Monteith, D.T. and Hildrew, A.G. and Flower, R.J. and Raven, P.J. and Beaumont, W.R.B. and Collen, P. and Kreiser, A.M. and Shilland, E.M. and Winterbottom, J.H.} } @article {1570, title = {Nitrogen content, 15N natural abundance and biomass of the two pleurocarpous mosses Pleurozium schreberi (Brid.) Mitt.and Scleropodium purum (Hedw.) Limpr. in relation to atmospheric nitrogen deposition.}, journal = {Environmental Pollution}, volume = {134}, year = {2005}, pages = {465-473}, author = {Solga, A. and Burkhardt, J. and Zechmeister, H.G. and Frahm, J.P.} } @article {1699, title = {Options for reducing the negative effects of nitrogen in agriculture}, journal = {Science in China Series C-Life Sciences}, volume = {48}, year = {2005}, pages = {861-870}, keywords = {ammonia volatilization, condensed tannins, lotus-corniculatus, lowland rice, n2o emissions, nitrification inhibitors, nitrogen in agriculture, options for reducing the negative effects, oxide emissions, trail hoses, use efficiency, wool production}, author = {Freney, J. R.} } @article {1121, title = {A study of the epiphytic communities of Atlantic oak woods along an atmospheric nitrogen deposition gradient}, journal = {Journal of Ecology }, volume = {93}, year = {2005}, pages = {482-492}, author = {Mitchell, R. and Truscot, A. and Leith, I. and Cape, J. and van Dijk, N. and Tang, Y. and Fowler, D. and Sutton, M.A.} } @article {1281, title = {An Automated Wet Deposition System to Compare the Effects of Reduced and Oxidised N on Ombrotrophic Bog Species: Practical Considerations}, journal = {Water, Air and Soil Pollution: Focus}, volume = {4 (6)}, year = {2004}, pages = {197-205}, author = {Sheppard, L.J. and Crossley, A. and Leith, I.D. and Hargreaves, K.J. and Carfrae, J. and van Dijk, N. and Cape, J.N and Sleep, D. and Fowler, D. and Raven, J.A.} } @article {253, title = {Bioindicator and biomonitoring methods for assessing the effects of atmospheric nitrogen on statutory nature conservation sites}, year = {2004}, address = {Peterborough}, author = {Sutton, M.A. and Pitcairn, C.E.R. and Leith, I.D. and van Dijk, N. and Tang, Y.S. and Skiba, U. and Smart, S. and Mitchell, R. and Wolseley, P. and James, P. and Purvis, W. and Fowler, D.}, editor = {Sutton, M.A. and Pitcairn, C.E.R. and Whitfield, C.P.} } @article {1564, title = {Growth and tissue nitrogen of epiphytic Atlantic bryophytes: effects of increased and decreased atmospheric N deposition.}, journal = {Functional Ecology}, volume = {18}, year = {2004}, pages = {322-329}, author = {Mitchell, R.J. and Truscott, A.M. and Leith, I.D. and Cape, J.N. and van Dijk, N. and Tang, Y.S. and Fowler, D. and Sutton, M.A.} } @article {1284, title = {Quantifying dry NH3 release system to ombrotrophic bog from an automated NH3 field release system}, journal = {Water, Air, and Soil Pollution: Focus}, volume = {4}, year = {2004}, pages = {207-218.}, author = {Leith, I.D. and Sheppard, L.J. and Fowler, D. and Cape, J.N and Jones, M.R. and Crossley, A. and Hargreaves, K.J. and Tang, Y.S. and Theobald, M.R. and Sutton, M.A.} } @article {1313, title = {Wie geht es unserem Wald? Ergebnisse aus Dauerbeobachtungsfl{\"a}chen von 1984 bis 2004}, year = {2004}, pages = {67}, institution = {Institut f{\"u}r Angewandte Pflanzenbiologie}, address = {Sch{\"o}nenbuch}, author = {Fl{\"u}ckiger, W. and Braun, S.} } @article {1713, title = {Changing landscapes, habitats and vegetation diversity across Great Britain}, journal = {Journal of Environmental Management}, volume = {67}, year = {2003}, pages = {267-281}, author = {Haines-Young, R. and Barr, C.J. and Firbank, L.G. and Furse, M. and Howard, D.C. and McGowan, G. and Petit, S. and Smart, S.M. and Watkins, J.W.} } @article {1960, title = {Effects of manganese on the viability of vegetative diaspores of the epiphytic lichen Hypogymnia physodes}, journal = {Environmental and Experimental Botany}, year = {2002}, pages = {127-142}, author = {Hauck, M and Paul, A and Mulack, C and Fritz, E and Runge, M} } @article {2023, title = {Heavy metal (Pb, Zn, Cd, Fe and Cu) contents of plant foliage near the Anvil Range lead/zinc mine, Faro, Yukon Territory}, journal = {Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety}, year = {2002}, pages = {273-279}, author = {Pugh, R. E and Dick, D. G and Fredeen, A. L} } @article {252, title = {Review of sublethal ecotoxicological tests for measuring harm in terrestrial ecosystems}, year = {2002}, author = {Spurgeon, D. and Svendsen, C. and Hankard, P. and Weeks, Kille, P. and Fishwick, S.} } @article {781, title = {Biosphere-atmosphere interactions of ammonia with grasslands: experimental strategy and results from a new European initiative}, journal = {Plant and Soil }, volume = {228 (1)}, year = {2001}, pages = {131-145}, author = {Sutton, M.A. and Milford, C. and Nemitz, E. and Theobald, M.R. and Fowler D. and Schjoerring, J.K. and Mattsson, M.E. and Nielsen, K.H. and Husted, S. and Erisman, J.W. and Oties, R. and Hensen, A. and Mosquera, J. and Cellier, P. and Loubert, B. and David, M. and Genermont, S. and Neftel, A. and Blatter, A. and Herrmann, B. and Jones, S.K. and Horvath, L. and Flhrer, E. and Mantzanas, K. and Koukoura, Z. and Gallagher, M. and Williams, P. and Flynn, M. and Riedo, M.} } @article {577, title = {Deposition of acidifying and eutrophying air pollutants in Scotland: Mapping critical loads, critical levels and exceedances}, year = {2001}, institution = {Centre for Ecology and Hydrology}, author = {Fowler, D. and Dragosits, U. and Pitcairn, C.E.R. and Sutton, M.A. and Hall, J. and Roy, D.B. and Weidemann, A.} } @article {1290, title = {The management of lowland neutral grasslands in Britain: effects of agricultural practices on birds and their food resources}, journal = {Journal of Applied Ecology}, volume = {38}, year = {2001}, pages = {647{\textendash}664}, isbn = {1 85112 460 8}, author = {Vickery, J.A. and Tallowin, J.R. and Feber, R.E. and Asteraki, E.J. and Atkinson, P.W. and Fuller, R.J. and Brown, V.K.} } @article {104, title = {Spatially disaggregated inventories of soil NO and N2O emissions for Great Britain}, journal = {Water Air \& Soil Pollution}, year = {2001}, pages = {109 {\textendash} 118}, author = {Skiba, U. and Sozanska, M. and Metcalfe, S. and Fowler, D.} } @article {858, title = {2000Long-term changes of nitrogen and phosphorus loadings to a large lake in North-west Ireland}, journal = {Water Research}, volume = {34}, year = {2000}, pages = {922-926}, author = {Zhou, Q. and Foy, R.H. and Gibson, C.E.} } @article {1536, title = {Accounting for nature: assessing habitats in the UK countryside.}, year = {2000}, institution = {DETR}, address = {London}, isbn = {1 85112460 8}, author = {Haines-Young, R.H. and Barr, C.J. and Black, H.I.J and Briggs, D.J. and Bunce, R.G.H. and Clarke, R.T. and Cooper, A. and Dawson, F.H. and Firbank, L.G. and Fuller, R.M. and Furse, M.T. and Gillespie, M.K. and Hill, R. and Hornung, M. and Howard, D.C. and McCann, T. and Morecroft, M.D. and Petit, S. and Sier, A.R.J. and Smart, S.M. and Smith, G.M. and Stott, A.P. and Stuart, R.C. and Watkins, J.W.} } @book {597, title = {Accounting for nature: assessing habitats in the UK countryside}, series = {Accounting for nature: assessing habitats in the UK countryside}, year = {2000}, publisher = {DETR}, organization = {DETR}, address = {London}, author = {Haines-Young, R.H. and Barr, C.J. and Black, H.I.G. and Briggs, D.J. and Bunce, R.G.H. and Clarke, R.T. and Cooper, A. and Dawson, F.H. and Firbanks, L.G. and Fuller, R.M. and Furse, M.T. and Gillespie, M.K. and Hill, R. and Hornung, M. and Howard, D.C. and McCann, T. and Morecroft, M.D. and Petit, S. and Sier, A.R.J. and Smart, S.M. and Stott, A.P. and Watkins, J.W.} } @article {1929, title = {Airborne trace metal contamination of wetland sediments at Iniana Dunes National Lakeshore}, journal = {Water, Air, and Soil Pollution}, year = {2000}, pages = {231-260}, author = {Perkins, S. M and Filippelli, G. M and Souch, C. J} } @article {23, title = {Ammonia emissions from non-agricultural sources in the UK.}, journal = {Atmospheric Environment}, volume = {34}, year = {2000}, pages = {855 - 869}, author = {Sutton, M.A. and Dragosits, U. and Tang, Y.S. and Fowler, D.} } @article {1137, title = {Assessing the chronic effects of atmospheric tetrachloroethylene (PER) on plants. Note 48}, journal = {Plant Research International}, year = {2000}, publisher = {Wageningen}, address = {Netherlands}, author = {Franzaring, J. and Van der Eerden, L.J.M. and Van Dijk, C.J. and Helsper J.P.F.G. and Pikaar P.J.J. and Nijhuis E.H. and Tonneijck A.E.G.} } @article {613, title = {Can the foliar nitrogen concentration of upland vegetation be used for predicting atmospheric nitrogen deposition? Evidence from field surveys. }, journal = {Environmental Pollution}, volume = {107}, year = {2000}, pages = {367-376}, author = {Hicks, W.K. and Leith, I.D. and Woodin, S.J. and Fowler, D.} } @article {75, title = {Direct measurement of the UK source strength of radiatively active gases}, number = {1/1/33}, year = {2000}, month = {01/2000}, author = {Fowler, D. and Hargreaves, K.J. and Skiba, U. and Bower, K.N.} } @article {96, title = {Direct Measurements of the UK Source Strength of Radiatively Active Gases}, number = {Contract EPG 1/1/33}, year = {2000}, author = {Fowler, D. and Hargreaves, K. and Skiba, U. and Bower, K.} } @article {31, title = {Evaluation and analysis of a dynamic terrestrial ecosystem model under pre-industrial conditions at the global scale}, journal = {Global Biogeochemical Cycles}, volume = {14}, year = {2000}, pages = {1173-1190}, author = {Friend, A. D. and White, A.} } @article {1444, title = {Growth responses to ozone in plant species from wetlands.}, journal = {Environmental and Experimental Botany}, volume = {44}, year = {2000}, pages = {39-48}, author = {Franzaring, J. and Tonneijck A.E.G. and Kooijman, A.W.M. and Dueck, T.A.} } @article {2008, title = {Joint toxicity of copper and zinc to a terrestrial nematode community in an acid sandy soil}, journal = {Ecotoxicology}, year = {2000}, pages = { 219-228}, author = {Korthals, G. W and Bongers, M and Fokkema, A and Dueck, T. A and Lexmond, T. M} } @article {1918, title = {Joint toxicity of copper and zinc to a terrestrial nematode community in an acid sandy soil}, journal = {Ecotoxicology}, year = {2000}, pages = {219-228}, author = {Korthals, G. W and Bongers, M and Fokkema, A and Dueck, T. A and Lexmond, T. M} } @article {811, title = {Mycorrhizal weathering: A true case of mineral plant nutrition ?}, journal = {Biogeochemistry}, volume = {49}, year = {2000}, pages = {53-67}, author = {Van Breemen, N. and Finlay, R. and Lundstrom, U. and Jongmans, A.G.} } @conference {237, title = {Reinvasion of urban areas by black spot and tar spot}, booktitle = {CAPER 2000, 11-13th April}, year = {2000}, address = {Birmingham}, author = {Jarraud, N.S. and Bell, J.N. and Leith, I.D. and Fowler, D. and Archer, S.A.A.} } @article {1425, title = {Seasonal ozone response of mature beech trees (Fagus sylvatica) at high altitude in the Bavarian Forest (Germany) in comparison with young beech grown in the field and in phytotrons.}, journal = {Environmental Pollution}, volume = {109}, year = {2000}, pages = {431-442}, author = {Baumgarten, M. and Werner, H and Haberle, K.H. and Emberson, L.D. and Fabian, P. and Matyssek, R.} } @article {130, title = {Transboundary Air Pollution: Acidification, Eutrophication and Ground-Level Ozone in the UK}, journal = {Atmospheric Environment }, volume = {34}, year = {2000}, pages = {3757 - 3777}, author = {Smith, R.I. and Fowler, D. and Sutton, M.A. and Flechard, C. and Coyle, M.} } @article {34, title = {Climate change impacts on ecosystems and the terrestrial carbon sink: a new analysis}, journal = {Global Environmental Change}, volume = {9}, year = {1999}, pages = {S21-S30 Suppl. S}, author = {White, A. and Cannell, M.G.R. and Friend, A. D.} } @article {1904, title = {Distribution in Portugal of some pollutants in the lichen Parmelia sulcata}, journal = {Environmental Pollution}, year = {1999}, pages = {229-235}, author = {Freitas, M. C and Reis, M. A and Alves, L. C and Wolterbeek, H. T} } @article {1950, title = {Ecotoxicological effects and uptake of metals (Cu+, Cu2+, Mn2+, Mo6+, Ni2+, V5+) in freshwater alga Scenedesmus quadricauda}, journal = {Chemosphere}, year = {1999}, pages = {1165-1173}, author = {Farga{\v s}ov{\'a}, A and Bumbalova, A and Havranek, E} } @article {1351, title = {The fate of mineral nitrogen in a fen with Sphagnum fallax Klinggr. and Carex rostrata Stokes (Massif-central, France) }, journal = {Canadian Journal of Botany }, volume = {77 }, year = {1999}, pages = {1136-1143}, author = {Francez, A.J. and Loiseau, P.} } @article {888, title = {The fate of NH4NO3 added to Sphagnum magellanicum carpets at five European mire sites}, journal = {Biogeochemistry}, volume = {45}, year = {1999}, pages = {73-93}, author = {Williams, B.L. and Buttler, A. and Grosvernier, P. and Francez, A.J. and Gilbert, D. and Ilomets, M. and Jauhiainen, J. and Matthey, Y. and Silcock, D.J.} } @article {1434, title = {Leaf injury characteristics of grassland species exposed to ozone in relation to soil moisture condition and vapour pressure deficit.}, journal = {New Phytologist}, volume = {142}, year = {1999}, pages = {271-282}, author = {Bungener, P. and Balls, G.R. and Nussbaum, S. and Geissmann, M. and Grub, A. and Fuhrer, J.} } @article {1509, title = {Methane release from peat soils: effects of Sphagnum and Juncus.}, journal = {Soil Biology \& Biochemistry}, volume = {31}, year = {1999}, pages = {323-325}, author = {Roura-Carol, M. and Freeman, C.} } @article {1309, title = {Nitrogen and its effects on growth, nutrient status and parasite attacks in beech and Norway Spruce}, journal = {Water, Air and Soil Pollution}, volume = {116}, year = {1999}, pages = {99-110}, author = {Fl{\"u}ckiger, W. and Braun, S.} } @article {522, title = {Ammonia concentrations at a site in southern Scotland from 2 yr of continuous measurements}, journal = {Atmospheric Environment }, volume = {32}, year = {1998}, pages = {325-331}, author = {Burkhardt, J. and Sutton, M.A. and Milford, C. and Storeton-West, R.L. and Fowler, D.} } @book {2002, title = {Bioaccumulation and transfer of vanadium in marine organisms}, series = {Vanadium in the Environment. Part 1 Chemistry and biochemistry}, year = {1998}, pages = {167-197}, publisher = {John Wiley and Sons}, organization = {John Wiley and Sons}, address = {New York}, author = {Miramand, P and Fowler, S} } @inbook {657, title = {Bryology for the Twenty-first Century}, year = {1998}, pages = {331-341}, chapter = {Effects of ozone and atmospheric nitrogen deposition on bryophytes}, author = {Lee, J.A. and Caporn, S.J.M and Carroll, J. and Foot, J.P. and Johnson, D. and Potter, L. and Taylor, A.F.S. and Bates, J.W. (Eds) and Ashton, N.W. (Eds) and Ducken, J.G.} } @article {22, title = {Dispersion, deposition and impacts of atmospheric ammonia: quantifying local budgets and spatial variability}, journal = {Environmental Pollutution (Nitrogen Conference Special Issue)}, volume = {102}, year = {1998}, pages = {349-361}, chapter = {1}, author = {Sutton, M.A. and Milford, C. and Dragosits, U. and Place, C.J. and Singles, R.J. and Smith, R.I. and Pitcairn, C.E.R. and Fowler, D. and Hill, J. and ApSimon, H.M. and Ross, C. and Hill, R. and Jarvis, S.C. and Pain, B.F. and Phillips, V.C. and Harrison, R. and Moss, D. and Webb, J. and Espenhahn, S.E. and Lee, D.S. and Hornung, M. and Ullyett, J. and Bull, K.R. and Emmett, B.A. and Lowe, J. and Wyers, G.P.} } @article {1445, title = {The effect of air pollution from nitrogen dioxide (NO2) on epiphytic lichens in Seville, Spain.}, journal = {Aerobiolobia}, volume = {14}, year = {1998}, pages = {241-247}, author = {Funetes, J.M.C. and Rowe, J.G.} } @article {1935, title = {Iron-manganese interactions among clones of nilegrass}, journal = { Journal of Plant Nutrition}, year = {1998}, pages = {987-1009}, author = {Foy, C. D and Farina, M. P. W and Oakes, A. J} } @article {1312, title = {Nitrogen deposition in Swiss forests and its possible relevance for leaf nutrient status, parasite attacks and soil acidification}, journal = {Environmental Pollution}, volume = {102}, year = {1998}, pages = {69-76}, author = {Fl{\"u}ckiger, W. and Braun, S.} } @article {18, title = {Regional mass budgets of oxidized and reduced nitrogen and their relative contribution to the N inputs of sensitive ecosystems}, journal = {Environmental Pollutution (Nitrogen Conference Special Issue)}, volume = {102}, year = {1998}, pages = {337-342}, chapter = {1}, author = {Fowler, D. and Sutton, M.A. and Smith, R.I. and Pitcairn, C.E.R. and Coyle, M. and Campbel,l G. and Stedman, J.} } @article {85, title = {The relationship between nitrogen deposition, species composition and foliar nitrogen concentrations in woodland flora in the vicinity of livestock farms.}, journal = {Environmental Pollution }, volume = {102}, year = {1998}, pages = {41-48}, author = {Pitcairn, C.E.R. and Leith, I.D. and Sheppard, L.J. and Sutton, M.A. and Fowler, D. and Munro, R.C. and Tang, S. and Wilson, D.} } @article {251, title = {Soil nitrous oxide and nitric oxide emissions as indicators of the exceedance of critical loads of atmospheric nitrogen deposition in semi-natural ecosystems}, journal = {Environmental Pollution}, volume = {102}, year = {1998}, pages = {457-461}, author = {Skiba, U. and Sheppard, L.J. and Pitcairn, C.E.R. and Leith, I.D. and Crossley, A. and van Dijk, S. and Kennedy, V.J. and Fowler, D.} } @article {45, title = {Urban Air Pollution and Cardiopulmonary Ill-Health - A 14.5 Year Time Series Study}, journal = {Occup. Environ. Med.}, volume = {55}, year = {1998}, pages = {697-704}, author = {Prescott, G.J and Cohen, G.R and Elton, R.A. and Fowkes, F.G.R. and Agius, R.M.} } @article {1901, title = {Accumulation of cadmium, chromium and zinc by the moss Sphagnum papillosum Lindle}, journal = {Water, Air, and Soil Pollution}, year = {1997}, pages = {321-330}, author = {Gstoettner, E. M and Fisher, N. S} } @article {575, title = {Evidence that ozone exposure increases the susceptibility of plants to natural frosting episodes.}, journal = {New Phytologist }, volume = {135}, year = {1997}, pages = {369-374}, author = {Foot, J.P. and Lee, J.A. and Caporn, S.J.M and Ashenden, T.W.} } @article {707, title = {Responses of Norwegian alpine Betula nana community to nitrogen fertilization}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Botany }, volume = {75}, year = {1997}, pages = {108-120}, author = {Paal, J. and Fremstad, E. and Mols, T.} } @article {64, title = {Calculation and evaluation of sediment effect concentrations for the amphiod Hyalella azteca and the midge Chironomus riparius}, journal = {Journal of Great Lakes Research}, volume = {22}, year = {1996}, pages = {602-623}, author = {Ingersoll, C.G. and Haverland, P.S. and Brunson, E.L. and Canfield, T.J. and Dwyer, F.J. and Henke, C.E. and Kemble, N.E. and Mount, D.R. and Fox, R.G.} } @article {660, title = {A critical limit for acid neutralizing capacity in Norwegian surface waters, based on new analyses of fish and invertebrate responses}, journal = {Science of the Total Environment }, volume = {177}, year = {1996}, pages = {173-193.}, author = {Lien, L. and Raddum, G.G. and Fjellheim, A. and Henriksen, A.} } @article {719, title = {The effect of long-term elevated ozone concentrations on the growth and photosynthesis of Sphagnum recurvum and Polytrichum commune}, journal = {New Phytologist}, volume = {134}, year = {1996}, pages = {649-656}, author = {Potter, L. and Foot, J.P. and Caporn, S.J.M and Lee, J.A.} } @article {574, title = {The effect of long-term ozone fumigation on the growth, physiology and frost sensitivity of Calluna vulgaris}, journal = {New Phytologist }, volume = {133}, year = {1996}, pages = {503-511}, author = {Foot, J.P. and Caporn, S.J.M and Lee, J.A. and Ashenden, T.W.} } @article {103, title = {Estimates of nitrous oxide emissions in the UK}, journal = {Energy Convervation Management}, volume = {37}, year = {1996}, pages = {1303-1308}, author = {Skiba, U. and McTaggart, I.P. and Smith, K.A. and Hargreaves, K.J. and Fowler, D.} } @article {1433, title = {Herb layer vegetation of south Swedish beech and oak forests - effects of management and soil acidity during one decade.}, journal = {Forest Ecology and Management}, volume = {88}, year = {1996}, pages = {259-272}, author = {Brunet, J. and Falkengren-Grerup, U. and Tyler, G.} } @article {69, title = {A preliminary evaluation of sediment quality assessment values for freshwater ecosystems}, journal = {Journal of Great Lakes Research}, volume = {22}, year = {1996}, pages = {624-638}, author = {Smith, S.L. and MacDonald, D.D. and Keenleyside, K.A. and Ingersoll, C.G. and Field, L.J.} } @article {78, title = {A preliminary map of the distribution of methane emissions from livestock sources in Great Britain}, year = {1996}, month = {08/1996}, institution = {ITE Edinburgh}, address = {Edinburgh}, author = {Sutton, M.A. and Dragosits, U. and Fowler, D. and Place, C.J.} } @article {1474, title = {Quantitative relationships of invertebrates to pH in Norwegian river systems.}, journal = {Hydrobiologica}, volume = {328}, year = {1996}, pages = {57-74}, author = {Larsen, J. and Birksl, H.J.B, and Raddum, G. and Fjellheim, A.} } @article {718, title = {Responses of four Sphagnum species to acute ozone fumigation}, journal = {Journal Bryology }, volume = {19}, year = {1996}, pages = {19-32}, author = {Potter, L. and Foot, J.P. and Caporn, S.J.M and Lee, J.A.} } @article {617, title = {Acidification, Nitrogen Deposition and Rapid Vegetational Change in a Small Valley Mire in Yorkshire.}, journal = {Biological Conservation}, volume = {71}, year = {1995}, month = {143-153}, author = {Hogg, P. and Squires, P. and Fitter, A.H.} } @article {21, title = {Assessment of the magnitude of ammonia emissions in the United Kingdom.}, journal = {Atmospheric Environment}, volume = {29}, year = {1995}, pages = {1393-1411}, author = {Sutton, M.A. and Place, C.J. and Eager, M. and Fowler, D. and Smith, R.I.} } @article {246, title = {Deposition of fixed atmospheric nitrogen and foliar nitrogen content of bryophytes and Calluna vulgaris}, journal = {Environmental Pollution}, volume = {88}, year = {1995}, pages = {193-205}, author = {Pitcairn, C.E.R. and Fowler, D. and Grace, J.} } @article {491, title = {Establishing critical levels for the effects of air pollution on vegetation}, journal = {Water, Air and Soil Pollution }, volume = {85}, year = {1995}, pages = {189-200}, author = {Ashmore, M.R. and Sanders, G.E. and Skarby, L. and Fuhrer, J.} } @article {754, title = {Establishing critical levels for the effects of air pollution on vegetation}, journal = {Water, Air and Soil Pollution}, volume = {85}, year = {1995}, pages = {189-200}, author = {Sanders, G.E. and Skarby, L. and Ashmore, M.R. and Fuhrer, J.} } @article {517, title = {Silvicultural use of wood ashes - effects on the nutrient and heavy metal balance in a pine forest soil.}, journal = {Water, Air and Soil Pollution}, volume = {85}, year = {1995}, pages = {1039-1044}, author = {Bramryd, T. and Fransman, B.} } @article {730, title = {Acidification of freshwater ecosystems: implications for the future. Environmental Sciences Research Report}, volume = {ES14}, year = {1994}, pages = {345-354}, institution = {John Wiley and Sons}, chapter = {Invertebrate community changes caused by reduced acidification}, address = {Chitchester}, author = {Raddum, G.G. and Fjeilheim, A. and Steinberg, C.E.W. (Eds) and Wright, R.F. (Eds)} } @article {500, title = {The control of Brachypodium pinnatum in chalk grasslands: influence of management and nutrients}, volume = {100}, year = {1994}, institution = {English Nature}, address = {Peterborough}, author = {Baxter, D. and Farmer, A.M.} } @article {305, title = {Critical levels for ozone; a UNECE workshop report}, year = {1994}, institution = {Swiss Federal Research Station for Agricultural Chemistry and Environmental Hygiene}, address = {Liebefeld-Bern}, author = {Fuhrer, J.}, editor = {Achermann, B.} } @article {280, title = {Effects of atmospheric ammonia on vegetation - a review}, journal = {Environmental Pollution}, volume = {86}, year = {1994}, pages = {43-82}, author = {Fangmeir, A. and Hadwiger-Fangmeir, A. and Van der Eerden, L.J.M. and Jager, H.J.} } @book {635, title = {Effects of ozone on interactions between plants, consumers and decomposers.}, series = {Plant Responses to the Gaseous Environment: Molecular, Metabolic and Physiological Aspects}, year = {1994}, pages = {339-363}, publisher = {Chapman \& Hall}, organization = {Chapman \& Hall}, address = {London}, author = {Jones, C.G. and Coleman, J.S. and Findlay, S. and Alsher, R.G. (Eds) and Wellburn, A.R.} } @article {1992, title = {The effects of various platinum metal species on the water plant Eichhornia crassipes (MART.). Solms.}, journal = {Chemical Speciation \& Bioavailability}, year = {1994}, pages = {1-12}, author = {Farago, M. E and Parsons, P. J} } @article {191, title = {Group report: are chemical and biological changes reversible?}, number = {Environmental Sciences Report ES14}, year = {1994}, pages = {375-391}, institution = {John Wiley and Sons}, address = {Chichester}, author = {Dise, N.B. and Ahlf, W. and Brahmer, G. and Cosby, B.J. and Fott, J. and Hauhs, M. and Juttner, I. and Kreutzer, K. and Raddum, G.G. and Wright, R.F.}, editor = {Steinberg, C.E.W. and Wright, R.F.} } @article {199, title = {Group report: interactions among acidification, phosphorus, contaminants and biota in freshwater ecosystems}, number = {Environmental Sciences Report ES14}, year = {1994}, pages = {185-200}, institution = {John Wiley and Sons}, address = {Chichester}, author = {Landers, D.H. and Bayley, S.E. and Ford, J. and Gunn, J.M. and Lukewille, A. and Norton, S.A. and Steinberg, C.E.W. and Vesely, J. and Zahn, M.T.}, editor = {Steinberg, C.E.W. and Wright, R.F.} } @article {1958, title = {Response of blue spruce (Picea pungens) to manganese pollution from MMT}, journal = {Water Air and Soil Pollution}, year = {1994}, pages = {319-324}, author = {Forget, E. and Courchesne, F and Kennedy, G and Zayed, J.} } @article {745, title = {): A survey of the threat of surface water acidification to the nature conservation interest of fresh-waters on Sites of Special Scientific Interest in Britain}, journal = {Aquatic Conservation - Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems }, volume = {4}, year = {1994}, pages = {31-44}, author = {Rimes, C.A. and Farmer, A.M. and Howell, D.l.} } @article {1852, title = {Toxicity of nickel ores to marine organisms}, journal = {Science of the Total Environment}, year = {1994}, pages = {139-156}, author = {Florence, T. M and Stauber, J. L and Ahsanullah, M} } @article {43, title = {The effects of dust on vegetation - a review}, journal = {Environmental Pollution}, volume = {79}, year = {1993}, pages = {63-75}, author = {Farmer, A.M.} } @article {194, title = {The Environmental Implications of UK Sulphur Emission Policy Options for England and Wales}, year = {1993}, institution = {Joint Nature Conservation Committee}, address = {Peterborough}, author = {Farmer, A.M. and Bareham, S.A.} } @article {88, title = {Estimating the relative contribution of SOx, NOy and NHx inputs to effects of atmospheric deposition}, year = {1993}, month = {02/1992}, institution = {HMSO}, address = {London}, author = {Sutton, M.A. and Fowler, D.} } @book {26, title = {Estimating the relative contribution of SOx�, NOx and NHx inputs to effects of atmospheric deposition}, series = {Critical loads: concept and applications. (Grange-over-Sands Workshop, 2/1992) [Eds: Hornung M. and Skeffington R.A.]}, year = {1993}, pages = {119-126}, publisher = {HMSO}, organization = {HMSO}, address = {London}, author = {Sutton, M.A. and Fowler, D.} } @article {20, title = {The exchange of ammonia between the atmosphere and plant communities.}, journal = {Advances in Ecological Research}, volume = {24}, year = {1993}, pages = {301-393}, author = {Sutton, M.A. and Pitcairn, C.E.R. and Fowler, D.} } @article {162, title = {Impacts of sulphur and nitrogen deposition on sites and species of nature conservation importance in Great Britain}, journal = {Biological Conservation}, volume = {63}, year = {1993}, pages = {23-30}, author = {Woodin, S.J. and Farmer, A.M.} } @article {279, title = {Nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations and N:P ratios in Norwegian lakes. Perspective on nutrient limitation}, number = {25}, year = {1993}, pages = {505-507}, author = {Faafeng, B. and Hessen, D.O.} } @proceedings {222, title = {Nitrogen eutrophication and critical load for nitrogen based upon changes in flora and fauna in (semi)-natural terrestrial ecosystems}, year = {1993}, pages = {pp. 111-159}, publisher = {Nordic Council of Ministers, Copenhagen, Denmark}, address = {L{\"o}keberg, Sweden}, author = {Bobbink, R. and Boxman, D. and Fremstad, E. and Heil, G. and Houdijk, A. and Roelofs, J.} } @article {186, title = {SSSIs in England at risk from acid rain}, year = {1993}, address = {Peterborough}, author = {Bissett, K. and Farmer, A.M.} } @book {496, title = {Bryophytes and Lichens in a Changing Environment.}, year = {1992}, publisher = {Clarendon Press}, organization = {Clarendon Press}, address = {Oxford}, author = {Bates, J.W. and Farmer, A.M. (Eds)} } @article {779, title = {Deposition of Atmospheric Ammonia to Moorlands.}, journal = {Environmental Pollution}, volume = {75}, year = {1992}, pages = {15-24}, author = {Sutton, M.A. and Moncrieff, J.B. and Fowler, D.} } @inbook {569, title = {Ecophysiological effects of acid rain on bryophytes and lichens}, booktitle = {Bryophytes and lichens in a changing environment}, year = {1992}, publisher = {Clarendon Press}, organization = {Clarendon Press}, address = {Oxford}, author = {Farmer, A.M. and Bates, J.W. and Bell, J.N.B. and Bates, J.W. (Eds) and Farmer, A.M. (Eds)} } @article {160, title = {Changes in species composition of semi-natural vegetation associated with the increase in atmospheric inputs of nitrogen}, year = {1991}, institution = {Institute of Terrestrial Ecology}, address = {Bush}, author = {Pitcairn, C.E.R. and Fowler, D.} } @article {567, title = {Comparisons of 3 Woodland Sites in NW Britain Differing in Richness of the Epiphytic Lobarion-Pulmonariae Community and Levels of Wet Acidic Deposition}, journal = {. Holarctic Ecology}, volume = {14}, year = {1991}, pages = {85-91}, author = {Farmer, A.M. and Bates, J.W. and Bell, J.N.B.} } @inbook {655, title = {The effects of acid deposition on nature conservation in Great Britain}, booktitle = {NCC Focus on Nature Conservation Report 26}, year = {1991}, pages = {12-16}, publisher = {Nature Conservancy Council}, organization = {Nature Conservancy Council}, chapter = {The effects of acid deposition on blanket peatland vegetation. }, address = {Peterborough}, author = {Lee, J.A. and Woodin, S.J. (Eds) and Farmer, M. (Eds)} } @article {769, title = {The effects of acid deposition on nature conservation in Great Britain}, volume = {26}, year = {1991}, pages = {62-66}, institution = {Nature Conservancy Council}, chapter = {Acidification and aluminium enrichment of freshwaters draining afforested catchments}, address = {Peterborough}, author = {Soutar, R.G. and Woodin, S.J. (Eds) and Farmer, A.M. (Eds)} } @article {705, title = {The effects of acid deposition on nature conservation in Great Britain}, volume = {Report 26}, year = {1991}, pages = {p67-73}, institution = {Nature Conservancy Council}, chapter = {Acidification and freshwater biotas}, address = {Peterborough}, author = {Ormerod, S.J. and Woodin, S.J. (Eds) and Farmer, A.M. (Eds)} } @article {217, title = {The effects of acid deposition on nature conservation in Great Britain}, year = {1991}, institution = {Nature Conservancy Council}, address = {Peterborough}, author = {Woodin, S.J. and Farmer, A.M.} } @book {796, title = {The effects of acid deposition on nature conservation in Great Britain}, series = {NCC Focus on Nature Conservation Report}, volume = {26}, year = {1991}, pages = {17-28}, publisher = {Nature Conservancy Council}, organization = {Nature Conservancy Council}, chapter = {Some effects of acidic deposition on montane Racomitrium lanuginosum heaths. }, address = {Peterborough}, author = {Thompson, D.B.A. and Baddeley, J.A. and Woodin, S.J. (Eds) and Farmer, A.M. (Eds)} } @article {568, title = {Seasonal variations in acidic pollutant inputs and their effects on the chemistry of stemflow, bark and epiphyte tissues in three oak woodlands in N.W. Britain}, journal = {New Phytologist}, volume = {118}, year = {1991}, pages = {441-451}, author = {Farmer, A.M. and Bell, J.N.B. and Bates, J.W.} } @article {507, title = {Decline of the natterjack toad Bufo clamita in Britain: Paleoecological, documentary and experimental evidence for breeding site acidification}, journal = {Biological Conservation}, volume = {53}, year = {1990}, pages = {1-20}, author = {Beebee, T.J.C. and Flower, R.J. and Stevenson, A.C. and Patrick, S.T. and Appleby, P.G. and Fletcher, C. and Marsh, C. and Natkanski, J. and Rippey, B. and Batterby, R.} } @article {1648, title = {The effects of sulphur dioxide on the parasitism of the rust fungus Uromyces viciae-fabae on Vicia faba.}, journal = {Environmental Pollution}, volume = {68}, year = {1990}, pages = {1-14}, author = {Lorenzini, G, and Farina, R. and Guidi, L.} } @article {497, title = {Epiphyte recolonization of oaks along a gradient of air pollution in south-east England, 1979-1990. }, journal = {Environmental Pollution}, volume = {68}, year = {1990}, pages = {81-99}, author = {Bates, J.W. and Farmer, A.M. and Bell, J.N.B.} } @article {1558, title = {Forest decline, nutrient supply and diagnostic fertilisation in southwestern Germany and in southern California. }, journal = {Forest Ecology and Management}, volume = {30}, year = {1990}, pages = {341-350}, author = {Huettl, R.F. and Fink, S. and Lutz, H.J. and Poth, M. and Wisniewski, J.} } @article {185, title = {Forest soil chemical changes between 1949/50 and 1987}, journal = {Journal of Soil Science}, volume = {41}, year = {1990}, pages = {133-135}, author = {Billett, M.F. and Parker-Jervis, F. and FitzPatrick, E.A. and Cresser, M.S.} } @article {2015, title = {Mechanism of toxicity of zinc to the marine diatom Nitzschia closterium}, journal = {Marine Biology}, year = {1990}, pages = {519-524}, author = {Stauber, J. L and Florence, T. M} } @article {1437, title = {The nutritional status of Picea abies (L.) Karst. across Europe, and implications for "forest decline".}, journal = {Trees}, volume = {4}, year = {1990}, pages = {211-224}, author = {Cape, J.N and Freer-Smith, P.H. and Paterson, I.S. and Parkinson, J.A. and Wolfenden, J.} } @article {82, title = {Deposition of atmospheric pollutants on forests}, journal = {Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series B-Biological Sciences}, volume = {324}, year = {1989}, pages = {247-265}, author = {Fowler, D. and Cape, J.N and Unsworth, M.H.} } @article {1633, title = {Effects of SO2, NO2, and O3 on Population Development and Morphological and Physiological Parameters of Native Herb Layer Species in a Beech Forest.}, journal = {Environmental Pollution}, volume = {58}, year = {1989}, pages = {281-302}, author = {Steubing, L. and Fangmeier, A. and Both, R. and Frankenfeld, M.} } @article {213, title = {Peat acidification in Scotland}, journal = {Nature}, volume = {337}, year = {1989}, pages = {68-69}, author = {Skiba, U. and Cresser, M.S. and Derwent, R.G. and Futty, D.W.} } @article {765, title = {Peat acidification in Scotland}, journal = {Nature}, volume = {337}, year = {1989}, pages = {68-69}, author = {Skiba, U. and Cresser, M.S. and Derwent, R.G. and Futty, D.W.} } @book {1966, title = {Genetic differences in plant tolerance to manganese toxicity}, series = { Manganese in soils and plants}, year = {1988}, pages = {293-307}, publisher = {Kluwer Publishers}, organization = {Kluwer Publishers}, address = {Dordrecht}, author = {Foy, C. D and Scott, B. J. and Fisher, J. A} } @article {281, title = {The influence of altitude on rainfall composition at Great Dun Fell}, journal = {Atmospheric Environment}, volume = {22}, year = {1988}, pages = {1355-1362}, author = {Fowler, D. and Cape, J.N and Leith, I.D. and Choularton, T.W. and Gay, M.J. and Jones, A.} } @book {60, title = {Lake Acidification in the United Kingdom 1800-1986}, year = {1988}, publisher = {ENSIS Publishing}, organization = {ENSIS Publishing}, address = {London}, author = {Battarbee, R.W. and Anderson, N.J. and Appleby, P.G. and Flower, R.J. and Fritz, S.C. and Haworth, E.Y. and Higgitt, S. and Jones, V.J. and Kreiser, A. and Munro, M.A.R. and Natkanski, J. and Oldfield, F. and Patrick, S.T. and Richardson, N.G. and Rippey, B. and Stevenson, A.C.} } @article {184, title = {Long term changes in the acidity of forest soils in north east Scotland}, journal = {Soil Use and Management}, volume = {4}, year = {1988}, pages = {102-107}, author = {Billett, M.F. and FitzPatrickm, E.A. and Cresser, M.S.} } @article {1853, title = {Mortality and LC50 values for several stages of the marine copepod Trigriopus brevicornis (M{\"u}ller) exposed to the metals arsenic and cadmium and the pesticides atrazine, carbofuran, dichlorovos and malathion}, journal = {Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety }, year = {1988}, pages = {239-244}, author = {Forget, J and Pavillon, J. F and Menasria, M. R and Bocquen{\'e}, G} } @article {238, title = {Urban distribution of Rhytisma acerinum (Pers.) Fries (tar spot) on sycamore}, journal = {New Phytologist}, volume = {108}, year = {1988}, pages = {175-181}, author = {Leith, I.D. and Fowler, D.} } @article {770, title = {The enhanced acidification of a field soil by very low concentrations of atmospheric ammonia}, journal = {Research and Development in Agriculture }, volume = {4}, year = {1987}, pages = {83-86}, author = {Spiers, R.B. and Frost, C.A.} } @article {1632, title = {Depression of Growth and Yield in Winter Barley Exposed to Sulphur Dioxide in the Field.}, journal = {New Phytologist}, volume = {104}, year = {1986}, pages = {233-241}, author = {Baker, C.K. and Colls, J.J. and Fullwood, A.E. and Seaton, G.G.R.} } @article {228, title = {Soil acidification and vegetation changes in deciduous forest in Southern Sweden}, journal = {Oecologia}, volume = {70}, year = {1986}, pages = {339-347}, author = {Falkengren-Grerup, U.} } @article {1621, title = {The Weathering of Scots Pine Epicuticular Wax in Polluted and Clean Air.}, journal = {New Phytologist}, volume = {103}, year = {1986}, pages = {207-218}, author = {Crossley, A. and Fowler, D.} } @article {1647, title = {The effects of SO2 on photosynthesis and carbohydrate transfer in the two Lichens: Collema polycarpon and Parmelia chlorochroa.}, journal = {American Journal of Botany}, volume = {71}, year = {1984}, pages = {986-998}, author = {Fields, R.D. and StClair, L.L.} } @inbook {1582, title = {Physiological effects of hydrogen, aluminum, and manganese toxicities in acid soil.}, booktitle = {Soil Acidity and Liming}, year = {1984}, pages = {57-97}, publisher = {American Society of Agronomy}, organization = {American Society of Agronomy}, chapter = {Physiological effects of hydrogen, aluminum, and manganese toxicities in acid soil}, address = {Madison, WI}, author = {Foy, C.D.} } @article {479, title = {Effects of N fertilisation on populations of fine roots and mycorrhizas in spruce humus}, journal = {Plant and Soil }, volume = {71}, year = {1983}, pages = {49-53}, author = {Alexander, I.J. and Fairley, R.I.} } @article {1626, title = {Foliage damage in coniferous trees following volcanic ashfall from Mt. St. Helens.}, journal = {Oecologia}, volume = {59}, year = {1983}, pages = {339-343}, author = {Seymour, V.A. and Hinckley, T.M. and Morikawa, Y. and Franklin, J.F.} } @article {572, title = {The growth of Sphagnum species in the southern Pennines.}, journal = {Journal Bryology }, volume = {12}, year = {1983}, pages = {579-586}, author = {Ferguson, N.P. and Lee, J.A.} } @article {571, title = {Past and present sulphur pollution in the southern Pennines. Atmospheric Environment}, journal = {Atmospheric Environment }, volume = {17}, year = {1983}, pages = {1131-1137}, author = {Ferguson, N.P. and Lee, J.A.} } @article {724, title = {Two hundred years of acid rain}, journal = {Naturalist}, volume = {108}, year = {1983}, pages = {125-129}, author = {Press, M.C. and Fergusson, P. and Lee, J.A.} } @article {578, title = {Identification of factors affecting nitrogen and phosphorus loadings to Lough Neagh}, journal = {Journal of Environmental Management }, volume = {15}, year = {1982}, pages = {109-129}, author = {Foy, R. and Smith, R.V. and Stevens, R.J.} } @article {672, title = {Effects of urban air pollution on plant growth}, journal = {Riological Reviews}, volume = {56}, year = {1981}, pages = {343-368}, author = {Mansfield, T.A. and Freer-Smith, P.H.} } @article {2013, title = {Heavy metals and marine phytoplankton: correlation of toxicity and sulfhydryl-binding}, journal = {Journal of Phycology}, year = {1981}, pages = {108-111}, author = {Fisher, N. S and Jones, G. J} } @article {576, title = {Eutrophication parameters and trophic state indices in 30 Swedish lakes. }, journal = {Archiv fur Hydrobiologie }, volume = {89}, year = {1980}, pages = {189-207}, author = {Forsberg, C. and Ryding, S.-E.} } @article {573, title = {Effects of sulphur pollutants on the growth of Sphagnum species.}, journal = {Environmental Pollution}, volume = {16}, year = {1978}, pages = {151-162}, author = {Ferguson, N.P. and Lee, J.A. and Bell, J.N.B.} } @article {1965, title = {The physiology of metal toxicity in plants}, journal = {Annual Review of Plant Physiology}, year = {1978}, pages = {511-566}, author = {Foy, C. D and Chaney, R. L and White, M. C} } @article {1889, title = {Cadmium and zinc toxicity in white pine, red maple, and Norway spruce}, journal = {Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science}, year = {1977}, pages = {81-84}, author = {Mitchell, S. D and Fretz, T. A} } @article {570, title = {Sulphur dioxide and growth of Pinus sylvestris}, journal = {Journal of Applied Ecology }, volume = {14}, year = {1977}, pages = {861-875}, author = {Farrar, J.F. and Relton, J. and Rutter, A.J.} } @article {234, title = {Mapping studies}, year = {1973}, pages = {pp.38-76}, institution = {Athlone press}, address = {London}, author = {Hawksworth, D.L.}, editor = {Ferry, B. W. and Baddeley, M.S. and Hawksworth, D. L.} }