N deposition :: Ramalina species

Latin name: 
Ramalina spp.

Impact Type: Deposition of pollutant

Key Concerns:

Most Ramalina species are very sensitive to Nitrogen deposition which has contributed to their disappearance from much of their former range, although some can survive for a considerable time. Some species are less sensitive to pollution, i.e. R. farinacea, but it too has disappeared from some parts of its former range in Central Scotland due to air pollution (Seaward & Hitch 1982). Green algae are overgrowing many Ramalinas and causing their eventual deaths via light starvation and the consequent disruption of their symbiosis (Sutton et al 2003).

Additional Comments:

None 

Critical Load/level: 
Critical Load/ Level

No comparable habitat with established critical load estimate available

References: 
Benfield, B. 1994 Impact of agriculture on epiphytic lichens at Plym free, E Devon Lichenologist 26 91-96
Seaward, M.R.D.; Hitch, (Eds) C.J.B. 1982 Atlas of the lichens of the British Isles 1
Species group: